What prevention measures can EMS implement for altitude illness?

• A. Gradual ascent, acclimatization, avoid exertion.
• B. Gradual ascent, acclimatization, avoid exertion, stay hydrated, avoid alcohol and sedatives, monitor for symptoms.
• C. Rapid ascent to acclimate quickly.
• D. Only descend after symptoms appear.

Answer: (B)

Altitude illness prevention centers on giving the body time to adapt to higher elevations and avoiding factors that worsen hypoxia. The best choice includes gradual ascent and proper acclimatization, along with avoiding exertion during the initial period. It also adds practical steps that support safe adaptation: staying hydrated to help maintain blood volume, avoiding alcohol and sedatives which can depress respiration and worsen symptoms, and actively monitoring for early signs so you can rest or descend if needed.

Rapid ascent fails to provide time for acclimatization and increases the risk of AMS. Waiting to descend until symptoms appear misses the preventive mindset and shifts focus to treatment after illness develops.